Drilling mechanism



Oct. v3o, 192s.

C. F. OSGOOD DRILLING MECHANISM Patented Oct. 30, 1928.

j 1,689,596 PATENT OFFICE.

UNITED STATES CHARLES F. OSGOOD, F CLAREMONT, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR T0 SULLIVAN MACHINERY COMPANY, A `CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

DRILLING MECHAN ISM.

Application filed March 13, 1924. Serial No. 699,123.

This invention relates to drilling mechanisms.

It has for its object to provide an improved drilling mechanism. A further object is to provide an improved feeding means for the drilling mechanism. Another object is to provide a drilling mechanism having steely rotation means, feeding means therefor and improved means responsive to the resistance to the rotation of said steel for controlling said feeding means. A further object is to provide improved means which is responsive to resistance to steel rotation for automatically controlling the feeding means for'the drilling mechanism and which will have different degreesof, responsiveness in accordance with different degrecs' of resistance to steel rotation. A further object is to provide an improved reverse and forward feed havingI improved means for controlling the same which is responsive to the resistance to rotation of lthe steel. It is another object to provide a drilling mechanism having reverse and forward feeding means, steel rotation means and a means responsive to variations in res1stance to steel rotation for varying the forward feed, but when the steel becomes stuck to then reverse the feed.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown for purposes of illustration one form and a modification thereof which my invention may assume in practice.

In these draWings,-

Fig. 1- is a side elevation partly broken away to show Idetails of construction.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the 1mproved feed control mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a modification of the-'feed control means. l

Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical sectional View taken substantially on line 4-4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a. detail sectional view of the valve 14 shown in Fig. 2, the valve being shown in a different position.` y

In the illustrative form of my invention I have shown the same embodied in a drifter type of drill comprising a combined feed cylinder and shell 1 having a depending bra-'siret engaging member 2 and longitudinally disposed guideways 3 mounted on the upper side thereof. Slidably carried by the cylinder 1 is a drilling mechanism 4 having gibs 5 disposed within the guideways 3.

5s Briefly the drilling mechanism comprises a Htl usual percussive motor cylinder 6 having a piston 7 of the striking bar type reciprocably mounted therein and adapted to hammer on a steel 8 carried by a chuck sleeve 9 rotatably mounted within a chuck housing 10 carried on the front end of the cylinder 6. Any suitable rotation mechanism may be used for actuating the chuck sleeve 9, but I have herein shown an independent rotation motor 11 of the multiple rotor type carried by the housing 10 and which is adapted to cooperate with worm gear teeth 12 formed on the periphery of the sleeve 9. Mounted within a rear cylinder head 13 is any suitable main control valve 14 having an automatic feed control valve 15 communieating with the main valve as by a passage 16.

The feeding means comprises an arm 17 carried by and projecting rearwardly from the lower side of the head 13 and .terminating in downwardly projecting arms 18 which vcarry a conical bored member 19 at their lower end and within which is disposed a plug member 20. Threadedly connected to a reduced portion 21 of the member 2O is a hollow piston rod 22 projecting forwardly through a combined rear cylinder head and packing member 23, which rod 22 carries at its forward end a piston 24. Disposed within the forward portion of the 'piston rod 22 is a fluid conducting tube 25 projecting forwardly from a recess 26 formed in the plug member 20 and terminating in a head 27 fixed in the forward end of the rod 22..

In my improved device I have embodied mea-ns for automatically shutting down the feed when the drill steel suddenly encounters a hole or cavity, which ordinarily allows the l feeding mechanism to jump forward and beyond the control of the operator. This means comprises a plug 28 held in the forward end of the hollow portion of the piston rod 22 as by a hollow nut 29 while formed therein is a bore 30 Carrying a reciprocable spring pressed valve 31. As the hollow piston rod is used to conduct fluid for the forward feed. there is a passage 32, formed in the head 27 of plug 28, communicating with bore 30 which has communication with the rear end of piston 24 as by a longitudinal passage 33 and radial ports 34 formed in the valve 31, said ports communicating with a passage 35 leading to the rear side of the piston 24. A passage 37 is formed in the piston 24 which allows communication between the forward end 'of the bore 30 and the rear side of said piston, the front side thereof having continuous. communication with the conducting tube 25 as by a passage 36.

In the operation of this automatic stop valve the piston 24 will in its normal operation be fed forwardly by a normal feeding pressure within the cylinder 1, but when the steel encounters a hole and when the feed piston is in a position a substantial distance rearward from the position shown in Fig. 1, the feed piston will immediately jump forward, resulting in a reduced pressure Within the cylinder 1 which will reduce the pressure acting on the front side of the valve 31 through passage 37, thereby allowing the live pressure fluid within the hollow portion of the piston rod 22 to force the valve 31 forwardly against the tension of its spring to sluit off fiow of fluid through the ports 34 and passage 35. If this closed condition is maintained a suflicient length of time the actuating fluid within the cylinder 1 will regain normal pressure due to leakage from the ports 34 to the passage 35, and when such pressure is sufficient to feed the mechanism forward some more, if the same. has a tendenc)v to still jump, reduced pressure will again result in the cylinder and the cycle of operation of the valve 31 will be repeated to sluit off flow of fluid thereto. It will of course be understood that when the feed pis- `)n is in the position shown in Fig. 1 and a cavity is encountered by the drill steel, the feed piston will move forwardly into engagement with the front cylinder head before the automatic control valve can come into effect, the automatic control being operative to check the feed only when the feed p'ston is a substantial distance rearward fromthe position shown in Fig. 1.

My improved means for automatically controlling the forward and reverse feed in accordance with tool rotation comprises the control valve 15 reciprocably mounted within a bore 40 .and normally held in one end thereof as by a relatively weak spring 41 seated upon an adjusting screw 42 carried by a plug 43 having threaded engagement with an enlarged bore 44 adjacent one end of the bore 40. Disposed within the bore 44 is a reciprocable collar 45 held in position by a relatively stiff spring 45. The opposite end of the bore 40 communicates as by a passage 46 with the inlet chamber 47 of the rotation motor 11. In the position of the valve 15 shown in Fig. 2` live pressure fluid will flow from the main control valve 14 through passage 16, an annular groove 48 formed in the periphery of the valve 15 and passage 49 formed in the arm 17 leading to the hollow portion of the rod 22 which has communication with the rear end ofthe cylspring 41 to cause the passage 49 to be partially or wholly shut off from communication with the live fluid suppl-y through passage 16, depending upon the amount of resistance to steel rotation. If, however, the

resistance should become so great that the steel would stick and be entirely prevented` from rotating or practically so, the pressure in the chamber 47 would build upto substantially line pressure and therebyl force the valve 15 up against the ring `45 with sufficient force to cause yielding of the relatively stifl'1 spring 45', in which rposition the valve 15 will then vent the forward feed t0 atmosphere while allowing communication between the live pressure fluid supply controlled by the valve 14 and the reversel feeding passages to cause the drilling mechanism to be withdrawn until the steel again rotates. The passage means for accomplishing this reverse feed comprises a passage 50 leading from the port 56 in the valve 14 to the upper end of the bore 40 which has communication with an annular groove 51 when said valve is in its outermost position to allow flow of fluid through the reverse passage 52 formed `in the arm 17 and finally communieating with the front side of the piston 24 as by the tube 25 andpassage 36 in the feed piston. During reversing position of the valve the forward feed is vented to the atmosphere through passage 35, port 34 and passage 33 in the valve 31, passage 32, the hollow piston rod 22, passage 49, and a bypass 53 which will register with the groove 43 and vent passage 54 formed in the valve 14. lVhen the forward feed is on, the reverse feed is vented to the atmosphere as through passage 36, the tube 25, passage 52, a bypass 55. annular groove 51 and vent port 54 formed in the valve 14.

lVhen it is desired to feed the mechanism in the reverse direction independently of the valve 15, the valve 14 is rotated until a port 56 registers with a passage 57 communieating with passage 52 on the other side of the valve 15. This new position of the valve 14 also shuts off live fluid flow to the passage 49 and consequently to the forward feed. A forward feed can always be obtained at the will of the operator by merely bringing the valve 14 into the position shown in Fig. 2 as the valve 15 will normally be retained in its lower position so as to have communication with the source of live pressure fluid.

It will thus be seen that by my improved automatic feed control valve the resistance to rotation of the steel can vary through a wide range of limits and due to the relative weakness of the spring 41, the valve 15 will move in accordance with the varying degreesof resistance resulting in varying degrees of forward feed, but. never suiiicient to throw in the reverse feed although it may at times be sufficient to entirely cut off the flow of fluid to the forward feed. If, after the forward feed has been cut off and the steel is still rotating, the reverse'feed is still vented to the atmosphere, but should the steel become positively held or the,resistance to rotation become so great that the t ool is practically inoperative, the spring 46 will then be made to yield whereby the *forward feed will be vented to the atmosphere and reversefeed thrown in. The operation during freeing of the' steel will obviously be reversed. l

In Fig. 3 I have shown a modified form wherein two separate valves are used in place of thesingle valve 15. This means comprises a primary valve 60 reciprocably mounted in a bore 61 and normally held at one end of the bore as by a relatively weak spring 62. The valve 60 also has an annular groove 63 allowing communication between the passa-ges 16 and 49 the latter communicating with the main supply and an annularv groove 64 adapted to allow communication between the passages, 65 and 66 when the valve is in its uppermost position and-to also vent the passage 66 as through a bypass 67 to the atmosphere; while the groove 68 is adapted to vent the forward feed as by bypass 68 when the reverse feed is in. The passage 65, like the passage in Fig. 2, communicates with the live pressure supply, in this case through vthe passage 57 which leads to the valve 14 while the passage 66 communicates with one end of a bore 69 within which a secondary valve 70 is normally yieldingly held at. the lower end of said bore 69 as by a relatively stili spring 71 adjustably held asby a plug 72. The valve 70 has an annular groove 7 3 which in its lower position will vent the assage 52 and consequently the reverse eed as through a bypass 74 but while said valveis in its uppermost position it will allow communication between the passages 50 'and 52 leading from the throttle valve to the reverse feed.

In the operation of this modification, pressure variations in the rotation motor will be transmitted to the passage 45 and vary the position of the primary valve to thereby vary the flow of fluid to the forward feed,

or, if the resistance to steel rotation should become too great to entirely shut off the flow of fluid to the forward feed and vent vthe same while at the same time allowing communication between the passages and 66 as by the annular groove 64 which will thus cause movement of'the secondary valve 7()y which will close the Vent passage 74 and open communication between passages 50 and 52 leading from the main fluid supply valve 14 to the reverse feed to thereby withdraw the steel and free the same.

In the operation of either form it is to be noted that during-a spotting operation the sharp edges of the steel engaging the work Ibe automatically controlled butl never alflowed to fully recede from the face of the work.

lVhile I have in this application specifically described one form and a modification thereof which my invention may assume inpractice, it will be understood that these forms of the same are shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Lettersy Patent is:

1. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a steel actuated thereby, pressure fluid actuated rotation means for the steel, feeding means for the steel, and pressure fluid actuated means responsive to the resistance to rotation for automatically controlling said feeding means. said controlling means including means for providing therein sharply distinct degrees of responsivenessvto said resistance and said controlling means comprising valve mechanism to vary the rate of feed up to a predetermined point and to cutout the feed when said point is exceeded.

2. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, asteel actuated thereby,

pressure fluid actuated rotation means for the steel, feeding lneans for the steel, and pressure fluid actuated means responsive to the resistance to rotation for automatically controlling said feeding means, said controlling means including means for providing therein sharply distinct degrees of responsiveness and said controlling means comprising valvemechanism to vary the rate of feed up to a predetermined point and for further affecting said feed `when said point 4 isexceeded.

3. A drilling mechanism comprising` a drilling motor, a steel actuated thereby, rotation means and reversiblefeeding means therefor comprising but la single reversible motor, and means responsivetoa limited resistance to rotation of `said V'steel for vary- 'ill ing the feed thereof, said means being responsive to a higher resistance to rotation of said steel to effect reversing of said feed.

4. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a steel actuated thereby, rotation means therefor, reverse and forward feeding means therefor, and means responsive to the resistance to rotation of said steel for controlling said feeding means, said means including a plurality of sequentially operable members one of which allows variations of one feed while the other effects the other feed.

A drilling ymechanism comprising a drilling motor, a steel actuated thereby, rotation means therefor, reverse and forward feeding means therefor, and means responsive to the resistance to rotation of said steel for controlling said feeding means, said means including a plurality of sequentially operable 'members one of which allows variations of one feed while the other member allows operation ofthe other feed after the rst feed is shut off.

6. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a drill steel actuated thereby, rotation means for the steel, feeding means for the steel, and means responsive to the resistance to steel rotation for controlling said feeding means, said controlling means including mechanism freely vieldable under resistance to steel rotation up to a certain degree y.and offering relatively marked increased resistance when said degree is exceeded.

71A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a steel actuated thereby, rotation and pressure fluid actuated feeding means therefor, pressure fluid actuated means responsive to the resistance to rotation of; said steel for automatically controllingthe flow of fluid to said'feeding means, and means for controlling said feeding means independently of the operation of said responsive means.

8. A, drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a steel actuated thereby, rotation and pressure fluid actuated feeding means therefor, pressure fluid actuated means responsive to the resistance to rotation of said steel for automatically controlling` the flow of fluid to said feeding means, and means including a valve for controlling said feeding means independently of the latter means.

9. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a steel actuated thereby, rotation and feeding means therefor. means responsive to thel resistance to rotation of lf'aid steel for controlling said feeding means,

vand means including a by-pass passage for controlling said feeding means by cutting out operation of said latter means.

10. A drilling mechanism comprising. a drilling motor, a steel actuated thereby, rotation and feeding means therefor, means responsive to the resistance to rotation of said steel for controlling said feeding means., and means for controlling said feeding means by cutting out operation of said latter means independently of said rotation means.

11. A drilling mechanism comprising a. drilling motor, a steel actuated thereby, rotation means therefor, forward and reverse feeding means therefor, and means responsive to theresistance to steel rotation for automatically `controlling both of said feeding means, said automatic controlling means being adapted to control said forward feeding means independently of the reverse feeding means when the steel is temporarily prevented from rotating during a spotting operation.

12. In a drilling mechanism, work performing means for actuating a tool comprising a reversible motor and a rotary motor, and means responsive to the torque of -said rotary motor within a certain limitfor varying the operation of the other motor, said means including mechanism responsive to reverse said latter motor when said limit is exceeded.

13. In a drilling mechanism, work performing means comprising a plurality of tool actuat-ing motors one of which is reversible, and means responsive to load changes on one of said motors within a certain limit for varying the operation of another motor, said means including mechanism responsive to reverse said reversible motor when said limit is exceeded.

14. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a drill steel actuated thereby, pressure fluid actuated rotating means for the steel. reversible feeding means for the steel, and pressure fluid actuated means responsive to the resistance to rotation for automatically controlling said feeding means, said controlling means including valve mechanism responsive to markedly different. degrees of resistance to steel rotation to effect generically different controlling functions.

15. In a drilling mechanism, work performing means comprising a plurality of tool actuating motors, one of which is re-A versible, and means responsive to load changes within a certain limit on one of said motors for automatically controlling another, said means also being responsive to a greater load on said motor for automatically'stopping and reversing said reversible motor,

16. In a drilling mechanism, work performingI means for actuating a tool including a reversible motor. and pressure actuated means for automatically varying the power of said motor within a certain limit and to automatically reversesaid motor when said limit is exceeded.

i7. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a drill steel actuated thereby, rotation means therefor, means for positively feeding the steel forwardly or rear- .wardly' comprising but a single reversible motor, and means responsive to the resistance to rotation of said steel for automatically controlling both the rearward and forward feed including means for varying the forward feed automatically in accordance with the nature of the drilling encountered by the steel.

I8. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a drill steel actuated thereby, rotation meansV therefor, means for positively feeding` the steel forwardly or rearwardly comprising but a single reversible motor, and means responsive to the resistance to rotation of said steel for automatically simultaneously affecting both the rearward and forward feeding means, and for varying the forward feed automatically in accordance with the natureof the ydrilling encountered by the steel.

19. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a drill steel actuated thereby, rotation means therefor, means for positively feeding the steel forwardly or rearwardly comprising but a' single reversible motor, and means responsive to the resistance to rotation of said steel within a certain limit for varying the forward feed and for subsequently stopping said forward feed when said limit is exceeded and effecting operation of said rearward feed.

20. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor for actuating a drill steel, means for rotating the steel, means for positively feeding the steel forwardly or rearwardly comprisii'ig but a single reversible motor, and means responsive to the resistance to steel rotation up to a certain limit for varying the operation of the forward feed and when said limit is exceeded to automatically effect operation of said rearward feed.

2l. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a drill steel actuated-thereby, rotation means therefor, reversible feeding means therefor comprising but a single re- .verslble motor, and means responsive to the {resistance to 'rotation of said steel for auto- "fnatically varying the operation of said feed- 'ing meansto regulate the same in accordance with'the requirements of the work, said means vincluding mechanism operative to automatically reverse said feeding means when the rotation of the drill steel is prevented. e

22, Ina drilling mechanism, a drill steel, pressure fluid actuated means for positively feeding the steel forwardly or rearwardly,

and means responsive to the variations of presssure in said feeding means for automatically preventing an excessive rate of forward feed when the resistance to feeding movement encountered by said drill steel is substantially reduced.

23. In a drilling mechanism, a drill steel, pressure fluid actuated means for positively feeding the steel forwardly or rearwardly, and means comprising a pressure fiuid actuated valve responsive to the variations of pressure in said feeding means for automatically preventii'ig an excessive rate of forward feed when the resistance to feeding movement encountered by said drill steel is substantially reduced.

24. In a drilling mechanism, a drilling motor for actuating a drill steel, rotation means for the steel, reversible feeding means for the steel, means responsive to the resistance to rotation for automatically varying the power of or reversing said feeding means, and means for preventing an excessive rate of forward feed when the resistance on the vdrill steel is removed.

25. In a drilling mechanism, work performing means comprising a plurality of tool actuating motors one'of which is reversible, and means responsive to load changes on one of said motors for automatically varying the power of said reversible motor during drilling in accordance with the requirements of the work or to reverse said reversible motor.

26. In a drilling mechanism, a fluid actuated inotor, a tool actuated thereby, reversible feeding means for feeding the tool forwardly and rearwardly, and pressure fluid actuated valve means responsive to pressure conditions within said motor for automatically controlling the forward feed during drilling to vary the same in accordance with the requirements of the work, said means also being operative to reverse said feeding means when the pressure within said motor exceeds a predetermined point.

27. A drilling mechanism comprising a drilling motor, a drill steel actuated thereby, rotation means for the steel, feeding means for the steelfor effecting positive forward and reverse feed thereof and comprising but a single reversible motor, and means responsive to resistance to rotation for automatically varying the rate of forward feed during drilling to vary the same in accordance with the requirements of the work, said 'controlling means also being operative to automatically reverse said feed when the resistance to rotation exceeds a predetermined point.

In testimony whereof I afx my signature.

CHARLES F. OSGOOD.

lll) 

